s ) {
					if ( $dest_order->get_id() === $order->get_id() ) {
						$rows = $this->limit_hpos_update_to_props( $rows, $fields['props'] );
					}

					return $rows;
				};
				add_filter( 'woocommerce_orders_table_datastore_db_rows_for_order', $limit_cb, 10, 2 );
			}
		}

		$datastore->update_order_from_object( $dest_order );

		if ( 'hpos' === $destination_data_store && isset( $limit_cb ) ) {
			remove_filter( 'woocommerce_orders_table_datastore_db_rows_for_order', $limit_cb );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Returns all metadata in an order object as an array.
	 *
	 * @param \WC_Order $order Order instance.
	 * @return array Array of metadata grouped by meta key.
	 */
	private function order_meta_to_array( \WC_Order &$order ): array {
		$result = array();

		foreach ( ArrayUtil::select( $order->get_meta_data(), 'get_data', ArrayUtil::SELECT_BY_OBJECT_METHOD ) as &$meta ) {
			if ( array_key_exists( $meta['key'], $result ) ) {
				$result[ $meta['key'] ]   = array( $result[ $meta['key'] ] );
				$result[ $meta['key'] ][] = $meta['value'];
			} else {
				$result[ $meta['key'] ] = $meta['value'];
			}
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns names of all order base properties supported by HPOS.
	 *
	 * @return string[] Property names.
	 */
	private function get_order_base_props(): array {
		$base_props = array();

		foreach ( $this->data_store->get_all_order_column_mappings() as $mapping ) {
			$base_props = array_merge( $base_props, array_column( $mapping, 'name' ) );
		}

		return $base_props;
	}

	/**
	 * Filters a set of HPOS row updates to those matching a specific set of order properties.
	 * Called via the `woocommerce_orders_table_datastore_db_rows_for_order` filter in `backfill_order_to_datastore`.
	 *
	 * @param array    $rows  Details for the db update.
	 * @param string[] $props Order property names.
	 * @return array
	 * @see OrdersTableDataStore::get_db_rows_for_order()
	 */
	private function limit_hpos_update_to_props( array $rows, array $props ) {
		// Determine HPOS columns corresponding to the props in the $props array.
		$allowed_columns = array();
		foreach ( $this->data_store->get_all_order_column_mappings() as &$mapping ) {
			foreach ( $mapping as $column_name => &$column_data ) {
				if ( ! isset( $column_data['name'] ) || ! in_array( $column_data['name'], $props, true ) ) {
					continue;
				}

				$allowed_columns[ $column_data['name'] ] = $column_name;
			}
		}

		foreach ( $rows as $i => &$db_update ) {
			// Prevent accidental update of another prop by limiting columns to explicitly requested props.
			if ( ! array_intersect_key( $db_update['data'], array_flip( $allowed_columns ) ) ) {
				unset( $rows[ $i ] );
				continue;
			}

			$allowed_column_names_with_ids = array_merge(
				$allowed_columns,
				array( 'id', 'order_id', 'address_type' )
			);

			$db_update['data']   = array_intersect_key( $db_update['data'], array_flip( $allowed_column_names_with_ids ) );
			$db_update['format'] = array_intersect_key( $db_update['format'], array_flip( $allowed_column_names_with_ids ) );
		}

		return $rows;
	}

	/**
	 * Validates meta_keys and property names for a partial order backfill.
	 *
	 * @param array              $fields An array possibly having entries with index 'meta_keys' and/or 'props',
	 *                                   corresponding to an array of order meta keys and/or order properties.
	 * @param \WC_Abstract_Order $order  The order being validated.
	 * @throws \Exception When a validation error occurs.
	 * @return void
	 */
	private function validate_backfill_fields( array $fields, \WC_Abstract_Order $order ) {
		if ( ! $fields ) {
			return;
		}

		if ( ! empty( $fields['meta_keys'] ) ) {
			$internal_meta_keys = array_unique(
				array_merge(
					$this->data_store->get_internal_meta_keys(),
					$this->data_store->get_cpt_data_store_instance()->get_internal_meta_keys()
				)
			);

			$possibly_internal_keys = array_intersect( $internal_meta_keys, $fields['meta_keys'] );
			if ( ! empty( $possibly_internal_keys ) ) {
				throw new \Exception(
					esc_html(
						sprintf(
							// translators: %s is a comma separated list of metakey names.
							_n(
								'%s is an internal meta key. Use --props to set it.',
								'%s are internal meta keys. Use --props to set them.',
								count( $possibly_internal_keys ),
								'woocommerce'
							),
							implode( ', ', $possibly_internal_keys )
						)
					)
				);
			}
		}

		if ( ! empty( $fields['props'] ) ) {
			$invalid_props = array_filter(
				$fields['props'],
				function ( $prop_name ) use ( $order ) {
					return ! method_exists( $order, "get_{$prop_name}" );
				}
			);

			if ( ! empty( $invalid_props ) ) {
				throw new \Exception(
					esc_html(
						sprintf(
							// translators: %s is a list of order property names.
							_n(
								'%s is not a valid order property.',
								'%s are not valid order properties.',
								count( $invalid_props ),
								'woocommerce'
							),
							implode( ', ', $invalid_props )
						)
					)
				);
			}
		}
	}
}